The Bedouin
Guardians of the desert
Bedouin, in Arabic Badawi and plural Badw, are nomadic peoples from the deserts of the Middle East, especially Saudi Arabia, North Africa, UAE, Bahrain, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait and Jordan.
Snapshot
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Region is Southern Asia
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Climate here is Arid
Life
The Bedouin are ancient herders who migrate to the desert during the rainy winter season and return to more fertile land in the dry summer months. Bedouin tribes differ according to the animal species with which they traditionally live, and depending on the areas where they live, camels are the most predominant. In addition to herding, Bedouins earn their living as blacksmiths, coppersmiths or craftsmen.
Home
The Bedouins live in portable tents or shelters that give them the flexibility to move around with their animals. The structures have a rectangular structure and are covered with rich fabrics that preserve them from the strong heat of the desert. The design of these tents has inspired many architects to design beautiful contemporary buildings. The tents not only provide shelter but are also a space for hosting and engaging guests because the Bedouins are renowned for their hospitality.
Culture
Social Structure
Bedouin society is tribal and patriarchal, typically made up of extended families in which the head of the family is called the sheikh; the sheikh is assisted by an informal tribal council of male elders. In addition to the "noble" tribes that trace their ancestry back to the Qaysi (northern Arabian) or Yamani (southern Arabian) origin, traditional Bedouin society comprises groups that shelter under the protection of the great noble tribes
Religion
The vast majority of Bedouin are Muslims, although a few Bedouin societies in some countries like Jordan have remained Christian.
Traditions
Some traditions such as Arabic coffee or falconry are considered Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO. In addition to many others, according to an ancient custom, the Bedouins give shelter and food to anyone who comes to their house, without expecting anything in return. Also, they never ask their guests who they are or where they are going. They just kindly offer them a place to rest.
Language
Bedouin Arabic is the colloquial Arabic spoken by speakers who are or consider themselves to be of Bedouin origin.
Art
The Bedouins are known for different artistic creations. In some areas they practice tattooing of the face or hands. in others the drawing in the sand is recognised. Women weave sheep's wool, and sometimes goat hair, into strips of beautiful colours and patterns for tents, rugs, blankets, saddlebags, and harnesses for camels and horses. However, most of the artistic expression is found on the recitation of poetry, some memorised and others composed for recitals.
Celebrations
Besides fervently celebrating all the rites of Islam, the Bedouins are known for their beautiful ceremonies at weddings, ritual naming of newborn infants, and other family occasions. Its camel trade fairs and racing competitions for these animals are also known.
Further knowledge
The growth of modern states in the Middle East greatly improved the lifestyle of the tribes in the region. These countries have great respect for their ancestral traditions and have managed to revalue their cultural and social heritage.